Review of osteoporosis clinical practice guidelines finds majority lack patient values

Patients’ voices are ignored all too often in osteoporosis clinical practice guidelines, according to researchers who reviewed 70 English-language guidelines around the world and found less than 40% included any mention of patients’ beliefs, values or preferences (BVPs).

Clinical practice guidelines are designed to help health-care professionals achieve the best possible outcomes for their patients by outlining evidence-based recommendations for care.

In this review, published by the journal Osteoporosis International, only 27 of the 70 guidelines analysed by researchers included mention of patient BVPs. The review included guidelines from the UK, Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Italy, Scotland, South Africa, Spain, and the US.

Guidelines that did include BVPs most often referred to patient preferences for one medication over another, said lead author Dr Joanna Sale, a clinical epidemiologist and scientist with the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto.

“The choice of medication does not appear to reflect the BVPs of individuals with bone health issues. Rather, it appears to reflect the agenda of pharmaceutical companies and/or financial constraints of the individual or health-care system, rather than health,” said Dr Sale.

“If patients do not see themselves in the guidelines and their clinicians’ recommendations, and when their health beliefs do not align with their understanding of what is needed to support their bone health, they are less likely to follow advice. It is only natural.”

Of the guidelines that did mention BVPs, they most commonly considered patient considerations as important but these statements were typically not supported by evidence. Dr Sale also noted that references to preferences appeared in guidelines much more frequently than values and beliefs.

“Preferences are easier to articulate than values and beliefs. It is easy to measure whether patients want to take medication once a week or once every six months, and whether they are willing to take the medication in the morning but then have to wait for a while before they eat. It is more difficult to measure directly and accurately if they value fracture prevention, for example, or if they do not believe they are at risk for future fracture,” Dr Sale said.

“Qualitative research which looks at patients’ experiences and perceptions would help us to learn more about values and beliefs. Over time, with the inclusion of more BVPs we might see shifts in values and beliefs to support truly informed preferences and better partnerships between patients and clinicians.”